如果tar包很大，而只想解压出其中某个文件。方法如下：

只想解压出Redis-1.972.tar  中的Changes文件，来查看有哪些更改。

[root@nagios ~]# tar -tf Redis-1.972.tar                                                           
Redis-1.972
Redis-1.972/README
Redis-1.972/Changes
Redis-1.972/LICENSE
Redis-1.972/dist.ini
Redis-1.972/META.yml
Redis-1.972/MANIFEST
Redis-1.972/Build.PL
Redis-1.972/Makefile.PL
Redis-1.972/lib
Redis-1.972/lib/Redis.pm
Redis-1.972/t
Redis-1.972/t/01-basic.t
Redis-1.972/t/03-pubsub.t
Redis-1.972/t/11-timeout.t
Redis-1.972/t/30-scripts.t
Redis-1.972/t/00-compile.t
Redis-1.972/t/04-pipeline.t
Redis-1.972/t/05-nonblock.t
Redis-1.972/t/10-tie-list.t
Redis-1.972/t/20-tie-hash.t
Redis-1.972/t/02-responses.t
Redis-1.972/t/07-reconnect.t
Redis-1.972/t/50-fork_safe.t
Redis-1.972/lib/Redis
Redis-1.972/lib/Redis/Hash.pm
Redis-1.972/lib/Redis/List.pm
Redis-1.972/t/06-on-connect.t
Redis-1.972/scripts
Redis-1.972/scripts/publish.pl
Redis-1.972/t/08-unix-socket.t
Redis-1.972/t/42-client_cmds.t
Redis-1.972/t/release-distmeta.t
Redis-1.972/lib/Redis/Sentinel.pm
Redis-1.972/t/release-pod-coverage.t
Redis-1.972/scripts/redis-benchmark.pl
Redis-1.972/t/tlib/Test
Redis-1.972/t/tlib/Test/SpawnRedisServer.pm
Redis-1.972/tools/benchmarks
Redis-1.972/tools/benchmarks/read_vs_sysread.pl
Redis-1.972/t/tlib/Test/SpawnRedisTimeoutServer.pm
Redis-1.972/tools/benchmarks/readline_vs_sysread_vs_recv
Redis-1.972/tools/benchmarks/readline_vs_sysread_vs_recv/run.pl
Redis-1.972/tools/benchmarks/readline_vs_sysread_vs_recv/client-recv.pl
Redis-1.972/tools/benchmarks/readline_vs_sysread_vs_recv/client-sysread.pl
Redis-1.972/tools/benchmarks/readline_vs_sysread_vs_recv/client-readline.pl
Redis-1.972/tools/benchmarks/readline_vs_sysread_vs_recv/server-generator.pl
[root@nagios ~]# tar xvpf Redis-1.972.tar Redis-1.972/Changes
Redis-1.972/Changes
[root@nagios ~]# ll Redis-1.972
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 3957780 10902869 5894 Feb 18 07:54 Changes