centos7 mysql数据库安装和配置
一、系统环境
yum update升级以后的系统版本为
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[root@yl-web yl] # cat /etc/redhat-release
centos linux release 7.1.1503 (core)
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二、mysql安装
一般网上给出的资料都是
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#yum install mysql
#yum install mysql-server
#yum install mysql-devel
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安装mysql和mysql-devel都成功,但是安装mysql-server失败,如下:
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[root@yl-web yl] # yum install mysql-server
loaded plugins: fastestmirror
loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.sina.cn
* extras: mirrors.sina.cn
* updates: mirrors.sina.cn
no package mysql-server available.
error: nothing to do
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查资料发现是centos 7 版本将mysql数据库软件从默认的程序列表中移除,用mariadb代替了。
有两种解决办法:
1、方法一:安装mariadb
mariadb数据库管理系统是mysql的一个分支,主要由开源社区在维护,采用gpl授权许可。开发这个分支的原因之一是:甲骨文公司收购了mysql后,有将mysql闭源的潜在风险,因此社区采用分支的方式来避开这个风险。mariadb的目的是完全兼容mysql,包括api和命令行,使之能轻松成为mysql的代替品。
安装mariadb,大小59 m。
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[root@yl-web yl] # yum install mariadb-server mariadb
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mariadb数据库的相关命令是:
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systemctl start mariadb #启动mariadb
systemctl stop mariadb #停止mariadb
systemctl restart mariadb #重启mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb #设置开机启动
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所以先启动数据库
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[root@yl-web yl] # systemctl start mariadb
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然后就可以正常使用mysql了
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[root@yl-web yl] # mysql -u root -p
enter password:
welcome to the mariadb monitor. commands end with ; or \g.
your mariadb connection id is 3
server version: 5.5.41-mariadb mariadb server
copyright (c) 2000, 2014, oracle, mariadb corporation ab and others.
type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mariadb [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mariadb [(none)]>
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安装mariadb后显示的也是 mariadb [(none)]> ,可能看起来有点不习惯。下面是第二种方法。
2、方法二:官网下载安装mysql-server
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# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# yum install mysql-community-server
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安装成功后重启mysql服务。
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# service mysqld restart
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初次安装mysql,root账户没有密码。
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[root@yl-web yl] # mysql -u root
welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g.
your mysql connection id is 3
server version: 5.6.26 mysql community server (gpl)
copyright (c) 2000, 2015, oracle and /or its affiliates. all rights reserved.
oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and /or its
affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
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设置密码
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mysql> set password for 'root' @ 'localhost' = password ( 'password' );
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
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不需要重启数据库即可生效。
在mysql安装过程中如下内容:
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installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7 mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7
dependency installed:
mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7
replaced:
mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0 mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0
mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0
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所以安装完以后mariadb自动就被替换了,将不再生效。
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[root@yl-web yl] # rpm -qa |grep mariadb
[root@yl-web yl] #
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三、配置mysql
1、编码
mysql配置文件为/etc/my.cnf
最后加上编码配置
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[mysql]
default-character- set =utf8
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这里的字符编码必须和/usr/share/mysql/charsets/index.xml中一致。
2、远程连接设置
把在所有数据库的所有表的所有权限赋值给位于所有ip地址的root用户。
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mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@ '%' identified by 'password' ;
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如果是新用户而不是root,则要先新建用户
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mysql> create user 'username' @ '%' identified by 'password' ;
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此时就可以进行远程连接了。
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/starof/p/4680083.html
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